Analysis of size and conformation of native Creole goat breeds and crossbreds used in smallholder agrosilvopastoral systems in Puebla,Mexico

Liveweight (LW) of does and bucks of the native Creole goat breed and crosses of Creole does and Nubian bucks, aged 1.5–5 years, were recorded and body traits including: head length (HL), head width (HW), body length (BL), trunk length (TL), chest girth (CG), abdominal perimeter (AP), rump length (RL), and height at withers (HW) were measured to develop equations for predicting LW from the body measurements. Weight, sex, breed and kidding date of 354 kids were recorded at birth, and LW of the kids was measured monthly for one year to determine the effect of kidding season on growth rate. Bucks had higher (p < 0.05) body measurements than the does (HL 15.1 ± 0.1 vs 16.6 ± 0.2 cm; BL 97.6 ± 0.4 vs 104.6 ± 1.2 cm; CG 78.8 ± 0.4 vs 79.9 ± 1.0 cm; AP 82.4 ± 0.5 vs 87.2 ± 1.1 cm; HW 62.7 ± 0.4 vs 70.1 ± 0.8 cm). With the exception of TL, F₂ does had higher (p < 0.05) body measurements and LW (28.8 ± 1.5 vs 27.7 ± 0.5 kg) than Creole does. The body traits of the F₁ does were similar (p > 0.05) to those of Creole does with the exception of HL, BL and HR. The F₂ kids were heavier (p < 0.05) at birth (3.31 ± 0.1 vs 2.60 ± 0.1 kg) and grew faster than the Creole kids. Male kids were heavier (p < 0.05) at birth (3.21 ± 0.10 vs 2.73 ± 0.13 kg), and grew faster than female kids. Season had a significant effect on birth weight. The results showed that LW of Creole goats and Creole × Nubian does could be estimated in the field using body traits. Birth weight and growth rate of kids could be improved by management practices that affect season of kidding.     

不同性别湖北黑头羊生长曲线的拟合分析

采用Gompertz、Logistic和Von Bertalanffy 3种非线性模型对湖北黑头羊0~24月龄体重生长数据进行了分析和曲线拟合。结果表明,3种模型均能较好地拟合湖北黑头羊的生长曲线(R2>0.99),但不同性别湖北黑头羊的最优拟合模型不尽相同,其中公羊最佳拟合模型为Gompertz(R2=0.999 32),拐点月龄和拐点体重分别为6.21月龄和20.823 kg,Gompertz模型方程为W=56.604 9 e-2.885 1 exp(-0.170 5t);母羊最佳拟合模型为Von Bertalanffy(R2=0.998 12),拐点月龄和拐点体重分别为4.17月龄和13.221 kg,Von Bertalanffy模型方程为W=44.619 3×(1-0.643 3 e-0.1575 t)3。     

KAP6.3基因与西藏绒山羊生产性状关系的研究

研究采用PCR-SSCP及DNA测序技术,对西藏绒山羊KAP6.3基因编码区和3＇-UTR区进行多态性检测;利用SPSS13.0软件对发现的多态位点与体尺和产绒性能进行了相关性分析。结果发现,西藏绒山羊KAP6.3基因扩增区存在7个SNPs,分别为C134T、G148A、G170A、T210C、A217G、A229C和T284G。分别导致了Cys30Tyr、Ser51Pro、Tyr53Cys和Tyr57Ser共4处错义突变。数据统计结果表明,母羊在体高、十字部高等体尺性状方面显著优于公羊（P〈0.05）,而公羊在产绒性能如毛长和产绒量方面显著高于母羊（P〈0.05）。由此可见,KAP6.3基因可能是影响西藏绒山羊生产性能的主效基因或与之紧密连锁,可作为西藏绒山羊生产性状的辅助选择标记。     

中草药饲料添加剂对妊娠中后期母羊生产性能的影响

本试验在圈养隆林山羊妊娠母羊的日粮中添加一定剂量的胎产剂（当归、黄芪）和消导剂（谷芽、山楂）,研究其对妊娠母羊各项生产性能的影响。结果表明：采食量中,消导组与混合组、混合组与对照组、对照组与胎产组之间的差异均极显著：消导组的2月平均体重显著高于其他试验组与对照组,各组的5月重都较初始重和2月重有所增加,消导组的体重与其他试验组和对照组相比,差异显著。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究克伦特罗在绒山羊体内消除规律

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法并对克伦特罗（Clenbuterol）在绒山羊体内残留消除规律进行了研究。选取60只健康绒山羊（30±4．8）kg,平均分成2组,分别在饲料中添加150μg／kgb．w．（A组）和300μg／kgb．w．（B组）克伦特罗,连续饲喂25d后停药。建立UPLC—MS／MS检测方法监测喂药期尿液、休药期尿液和组织中克伦特罗含量。克伦特罗在饲喂期间,A组尿液中平均含量为289～5313μg／L,B组尿液中平均含量为1323～11378μg／L。停药后尿液中克伦特罗含量迅速下降,停药40d后,A、B两组均下降至10μg／L以下;停药后,取绒山羊肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、肌肉测定其残留量。A、B两组停药后组织中克伦特罗含量持续下降,停药40d后,肝脏含量33μg／kg,肾脏约5μg／kg,其余组织均未检出。     

Evidence of Toxoplasma gondii Exposure in Boer Goat Herds in Missouri,USA

Limited data currently exist on the prevalence of Toxoplasma infections in goats in the USA. The objective of this pilot investigation was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Boer goats raised in Missouri. Sera collected from 367 Boer goats in 24 herds were tested using a commercial latex agglutination assay. Evidence of T. gondii antibodies was present in 25 of the 367 goats, with titres of 1 : 32 in 4, 1 : 64 in 11, 1 : 128 in 5, 1 : 256 in 3 and 1 : 1024 in 2. Estimates for the apparent animal‐level and between‐herd prevalence were 6.8% (95% CI = 4.7–9.9%) and 41.7% (95% CI = 24.5–61.2%). These results confirm that Boer goats in Missouri are exposed to T. gondii and may constitute a public health risks.     

攀西地区山羊戊型肝炎血清流行病学调查

为了解攀西地区山羊戊型肝炎的感染情况及流行特点,本研究利用双抗原夹心ELISA方法对凉山州和攀枝花地区采集的180份山羊血清进行戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)抗体检测.结果显示,攀西地区山羊HEV抗体总阳性率为26.11％ (47/180),其中规模化羊场阳性率为19.26％(26/135),散养羊群阳性率为46.67％(21/45),差异极显著(p＜0.01).按年龄划分,3岁以上、1～3岁、1岁以下阳性率分别为39.22％、23.29％、17.86％,3岁以上与1岁以下山羊HEV抗体阳性率差异极显著(p＜0.01).按性别划分,公山羊和母山羊的阳性率分别为33.74％(28/83)和30.59％(16/85),差异不显著.凉山州(30.93％)与攀枝花市(20.48％)山羊抗体阳性率差异不显著.检测结果表明,HEV在攀西地区山羊群中普遍流行.     

辽宁绒山羊卵泡中FSHR基因表达研究

以β-Actin作为内源性内标,采用RT-PCR技术,研究了辽宁绒山羊不同发育时期卵泡FSHR基因mRNA的表达丰度。结果表明:辽宁绒山羊和本地山羊相同发育阶段卵泡FSHR基因表达水平差异不显著(P>0.05),随着卵泡发育,其表达水平的变化趋势也相一致;辽宁绒山羊直径<1mm卵泡和直径为3～4mm卵泡的颗粒细胞FSHR基因mRNA表达水平显著高于膜细胞。     

绒山羊血液蛋白质标记与绒性状的关系

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省海西州 3个绒山羊群体 5个血液蛋白质座位的多型性进行了检测 ,并分析了血液蛋白质标记座位与绒性状之间的关系。结果表明 :1Tf BB基因型在绒细度上具有明显优势 ,而 Tf BB和 L APAB基因型在绒产量上具有优势 ;2 PA- 3座位对绒细度的选择影响最大 ,L AP座位对绒产量的选择影响最大 ,其影响主要来自加性方差     

内蒙古绒山羊产绒量和体重性状RAPD标记的初步研究

利用12条随即引物对27只内蒙古绒山羊基因组DNA进行预扩增,筛选出具有多态性扩增产物的4条引物进行RAPD分析,共得到51个标记,其中可变标记43个,标记条带多态性频率为0.84,扩增片断长度在176~2940bp之间。RAPD标记条带与经济性状关系分析表明:CY0816引物扩增产物的ABCFHO组合、F09引物的INR组合为内蒙古绒山羊产绒量的优势组合型;CY0816引物扩增产物的GIJOPQR条带组合为体重性状标记的优势组合型。